In every country with reliable health statistics, women live longer than men. But why is that, and what can men do about it? Here, we look at some key concerns including prostate cancer, male infertility and low testosterone. Plus, where to go for men’s health screening in Singapore and how men can reduce the risk of developing these conditions.
#1 Discuss prostate screening with your doctor
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among males worldwide. However, if caught early, it is curable, explains DR DEX KHOR, Head of Department at International Medical Clinic, Katong.
What is the prostate?
It’s a small doughnut-shaped gland that sits at the base of the bladder in men, surrounding the urethra or urine passage as it emerges from the bladder. The gland produces seminal fluid, the main component of semen. It can become enlarged with age and even turn cancerous. Why should we screen for prostate cancer?
It becomes more prevalent after the age of 50, and the unfortunate reality is that, while it can be effectively treated in its early stages, many men remain hesitant to undergo any form of screening.
How do we screen for prostate cancer?
Your doctor will speak to you about your past medical history and any urinary problems, such as poor urine stream and difficulty emptying the bladder. They will also ask about any family history of cancer, especially of prostate cancer. An examination will include a digital rectal examination to check the size of the prostate, and a blood test. It does sound uncomfortable, but this health screening is quick, safe and can save your life!
What happens after your health screening in Singapore?
The Prostate Specific Antigen or PSA blood test result is reviewed. This number can be raised in early prostate cancer, but it can also be raised in infection or inflammation of the prostate (prostatitis), recent ejaculation and even excessive bicycle riding! Any raised PSA result needs to be followed up by your doctor. They may also make a referral to a urologist for further checks.
What can I do to prevent prostate cancer?
There are studies suggesting smoking and obesity are lifestyle risk factors. However, the main risk factors for prostate cancer are still age, family history of prostate cancer and Afro-Caribbean ethnicity. Screening remains the best protection against prostate cancer!
IMC Camden, IMC Children’s, IMC Holland Village, IMC Katong, IMC Serangoon Garden
6733 4440 | imc-healthcare.com
#2 Tackling male infertility
Male infertility is a multifaceted issue that requires a nuanced understanding of its causes and diagnosis, explains DR ROLAND CHIENG, a fertility specialist and medical director of Virtus Fertility Centre Singapore.
The physical and emotional toll
“We are seeing an increasing number of men being diagnosed with male infertility at our clinic, which could suggest a potential rise in cases in Singapore. However, pinpointing exact figures is challenging due to limited consistent long-term data on male fertility rates year-onyear,” says Dr Chieng.
Dr Chieng also highlights that the stigma surrounding male infertility might lead to underdiagnosis. “Infertility can be seen as a challenge to a man’s virility and ability to fulfil traditional gender roles, leading to feelings of shame, inadequacy and embarrassment. Sometimes, men might blame their partner for fertility issues, avoiding the possibility that they could be a contributing factor,” he adds.
The condition can impact the emotional and mental health of both partners, creating issues such as low self-esteem, sexual distress, depression, guilt, anxiety, frustration and relationship problems.
Treatment options for male infertility
The good news? There are plenty of treatment options for male infertility, and related health screening in Singapore. Lifestyle modifications are often the first approach, including quitting smoking, reducing alcohol consumption, maintaining a healthy weight and managing stress.
“If hormonal imbalances or medical conditions are affecting sperm production, medications can be prescribed to address the specific issue. This might involve hormone replacement therapy, like testosterone, to correct any deficiencies,” explains Dr Chieng. In cases of physical blockages or abnormalities, surgical procedures can be performed to correct them.
Speak up
Mental health issues are closely linked to male sexual dysfunction, a significant cause of infertility. The stress and emotional strain of dealing with infertility might make matters worse. That’s why Dr Chieng suggests seeking support from mental health professionals, joining support groups, and keeping open communication with partners to help manage the emotional impact of infertility. He also encourages men diagnosed with infertility to share their stories, which helps to break the stigma and keep the conversation going.
#09-01-05 Scotts Medical Center, Pacific Plaza, 9 Scotts Road
6460 4555 | virtusfertilitycentre.com.sg
#3 Check your hormone levels!
DR YEONG CHENG TOH, fertility specialist and medical director at IVF(SG), notes that discussions around male hormonal imbalances, such as low testosterone and its impact on fertility, tend to receive less attention than those around female hormones. In fact, the topic is often avoided altogether due to stigma.
Why low testosterone and hormones matter for men’s health
“Hormones play crucial roles in men’s health, including regulating libido, bone mass, fat distribution, muscle mass and strength, and the production of red blood cells and reproduction,” says Dr Yeong. While testosterone is a primary male hormone, it’s not the only one.
Other important hormones include:
- Insulin – essential for converting food into energy and maintaining proper blood sugar levels.
- Cortisol – the body’s primary stress hormone, which increases glucose in the bloodstream and enhances the brain’s use of glucose; it also helps the body respond to stress.
- Oestradiol – a type of oestrogen that helps control libido, erectile function and sperm production.
- Thyroid hormones – these regulate weight, metabolism, energy levels, skin, hair, nail growth and body temperature.
The impact of testosterone on male fertility
While testosterone supports sperm production, the quality of sperm is also a key determinant for conception and pregnancy. Studies show that overall, one-third of infertility cases are caused by male reproductive issues, one-third by female reproductive issues, and one-third by both male and female reproductive issues or by unknown factors. Health screening, tests and semen analysis can help identify if any of these issues are preventing conception.
How to prevent low testosterone and boost your hormonal health
In addition to medication, here are a few ways men can improve their hormonal health naturally:
- Diet – focus on healthy fats, vitamins, minerals and fibre; limit alcohol, as it can harm fertility.
- Exercise – maintaining a healthy weight boosts fertility and supports overall health.
- Sleep – proper rest regulates cortisol and testosterone levels, promoting hormonal balance.
“Understanding and maintaining hormonal health is vital for overall wellbeing and fertility in men,” says Dr Yeong. “Focusing on a balanced diet, regular exercise and proper sleep can naturally support hormonal health.”
#06-04 Scotts Medical Center @ Pacific Plaza, 9 Scotts Road
6817 5731 | ivfsg.com.sg
This article about men’s healths screening in Singapore covering prostate cancer, male infertility and low testosterone first appeared in the November 2024 edition of Expat Living. You can purchase the latest issue or subscribe so you never miss a copy!
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